- Description
-
- Creator(s)
- Thomas Girtin (1775-1802) and Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775-1851) after (?) John Henderson (1764-1843)
- Title
-
- Vessels Anchored in Dover Harbour, with the Castle Beyond
- Date
- 1795 - 1796
- Medium and Support
- Graphite and watercolour on wove paper
- Dimensions
- 27.2 × 20.9 cm, 10 ¾ × 8 ¼ in
- Object Type
- Collaborations; Monro School Copy; Work after an Amateur Artist
- Subject Terms
- Coasts and Shipping; Dover and Kent
-
- Collection
- Catalogue Number
- TG0813
- Description Source(s)
- Viewed in June 2018
Provenance
Henry Vaughan (1809-99); bequeathed to the Gallery, 1900
Exhibition History
London, 1887, Black and White Room, no.10 as by Joseph Mallord William Turner; Annual January Turner Exhibition, National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh, 1900-
Bibliography
Armstrong, 1902, p.249 as by Joseph Mallord William Turner; Campbell, 1993, no.6, p.74 as by Joseph Mallord William Turner; Baker, 2006, pp.36–37 as by Joseph Mallord William Turner; Baker, 2011, pp.351–52 as 'Old Dover Harbour' by Joseph Mallord William Turner
Place depicted
Other entries in Monro School Copies:
British Views, Including Works after the Outlines of John Henderson
Thomas Girtin, Edward Dayes
An Upland Landscape with a Rainbow, Said to Be Lowther Fells
An Upland Landscape with a Rainbow, Said to Be Lowther Fells
Kendal Town Hall
Thomas Girtin
Tonbridge Bridge and Castle
Tonbridge Bridge and Castle
Yale Center for British Art, New Haven
Thomas Girtin, Edward Dayes
The High Rocks, near Tunbridge Wells
The High Rocks, near Tunbridge Wells
National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh
Thomas Girtin, John Henderson
The Town of Rye, Seen from the Marshes
The Town of Rye, Seen from the Marshes
Yale Center for British Art, New Haven
Thomas Girtin, John Henderson
Dover Castle, Seen from the Beach
Dover Castle, Seen from the Beach
Yale Center for British Art, New Haven
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner
Unidentified Medieval Ruins, with Agricultural Buildings
Unidentified Medieval Ruins, with Agricultural Buildings
Tate, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
A View near Keswick, Probably Bassenthwaite Lake
A View near Keswick, Probably Bassenthwaite Lake
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
Skiddaw and Bassenthwaite Lake, from the Vale of Newlands
Skiddaw and Bassenthwaite Lake, from the Vale of Newlands
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
Looking South into Borrowdale, from the Shore of Derwentwater
Looking South into Borrowdale, from the Shore of Derwentwater
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
Mountainous Landscape, Possibly in the Lake District
Mountainous Landscape, Possibly in the Lake District
Walker Art Gallery, National Museums Liverpool
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
Boon Crag Cottage, with Coniston Water Beyond
Boon Crag Cottage, with Coniston Water Beyond
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
A View in Cumbria, Probably Looking from Irton Fell towards Ravenglass
A View in Cumbria, Probably Looking from Irton Fell towards Ravenglass
Clark Art Institute, Williamstown
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
A View in Cumbria, Looking towards Irton and the Irish Sea, with the Isle of Man in the Distance
A View in Cumbria, Looking towards Irton and the Irish Sea, with the Isle of Man in the Distance
Tate, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
The River Leven, Cumbria, Viewed from Penny Bridge
The River Leven, Cumbria, Viewed from Penny Bridge
Tate, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
St John's Vale, Cumbria
St John's Vale, Cumbria
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
The Lodore Falls
The Lodore Falls
Yale Center for British Art, New Haven
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
Langdale Pikes
Langdale Pikes
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Unknown Artist
An Unidentified Bridge over a Stream, Possibly in North Wales
An Unidentified Bridge over a Stream, Possibly in North Wales
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
Derwentwater, with Skiddaw in the Distance
Derwentwater, with Skiddaw in the Distance
Eton College, Windsor
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
Beddgelert Bridge, North Wales
Beddgelert Bridge, North Wales
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
A Mountainous Landscape with an Overshot Mill, Probably in the Lake District
A Mountainous Landscape with an Overshot Mill, Probably in the Lake District
Clark Art Institute, Williamstown
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
A Mountainous River Landscape with a Bridge
A Mountainous River Landscape with a Bridge
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Laporte
Cynwyd Mill, near Corwen, North Wales
Cynwyd Mill, near Corwen, North Wales
Brandler Galleries, Brentwood
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
Conwy: The Town Walls from the South East
Conwy: The Town Walls from the South East
Tate, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Unknown Artist
Raglan Castle: The Great Hall
Raglan Castle: The Great Hall
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
A Mountainous Landscape with an Unidentified Bridge, Possibly in North Wales
A Mountainous Landscape with an Unidentified Bridge, Possibly in North Wales
Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
The Iron Bridge at Coalbrookdale
The Iron Bridge at Coalbrookdale
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
An Estuary, Possibly Dartmouth
An Estuary, Possibly Dartmouth
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
Grasmere: Looking North West to Helm Crag
Grasmere: Looking North West to Helm Crag
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
The Head of Lake Windermere
The Head of Lake Windermere
Rhode Island School of Design Museum, Providence
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
The Head of Derwentwater, with the Lodore Falls
The Head of Derwentwater, with the Lodore Falls
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Dover Harbour, with Shipping Being Overhauled
Dover Harbour, with Shipping Being Overhauled
Tate, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
A Two-Master in Dover Harbour, with the Castle Beyond
A Two-Master in Dover Harbour, with the Castle Beyond
Tate, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Dover Harbour: A Ship Being Overhauled
Dover Harbour: A Ship Being Overhauled
Tate, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
A Boat on the Shore, near Shakespeare Cliff, Dover
A Boat on the Shore, near Shakespeare Cliff, Dover
Tate, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Dover Harbour: Fishing Vessels, Their Sails Drying
Dover Harbour: Fishing Vessels, Their Sails Drying
Tate, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Shipping in Dover Harbour, with the Castle Beyond
Shipping in Dover Harbour, with the Castle Beyond
Tate, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
A General View of Dover Harbour, from the East
A General View of Dover Harbour, from the East
Tate, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Dover Harbour: Small Boats by the Quay
Dover Harbour: Small Boats by the Quay
Tate, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Boats in Dover Harbour
Boats in Dover Harbour
British Museum, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
A Ship under Repair in Dover Harbour
A Ship under Repair in Dover Harbour
National Gallery of Ireland, Dublin
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Figures on a Fishing Vessel in Dover Harbour
Figures on a Fishing Vessel in Dover Harbour
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
A Fishing Vessel with Hastings Beyond
A Fishing Vessel with Hastings Beyond
Birmingham Museums & Art Gallery
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Dover Castle from the Sea
Dover Castle from the Sea
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
A Beached Vessel in the Inner Harbour at Dover
A Beached Vessel in the Inner Harbour at Dover
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Dover Harbour, with the Castle on the Hill
Dover Harbour, with the Castle on the Hill
British Museum, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Dover Harbour
Dover Harbour
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Beached Vessels in Dover Harbour, the Castle in the Distance
Beached Vessels in Dover Harbour, the Castle in the Distance
Smith College Museum of Art, Northampton
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Vessels Anchored in Dover Harbour, with the Castle Beyond
Vessels Anchored in Dover Harbour, with the Castle Beyond
National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Warehouses with Shipping in Dover Harbour
Warehouses with Shipping in Dover Harbour
Smith College Museum of Art, Northampton
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Vessels in the Harbour at Dover, with the Castle Beyond
Vessels in the Harbour at Dover, with the Castle Beyond
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Dover Harbour, with the Cliffs Beyond
Dover Harbour, with the Cliffs Beyond
Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, Hobart
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Vessels Moored in Dover Harbour
Vessels Moored in Dover Harbour
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
The Inner Harbour, Dover, with the Castle Beyond
The Inner Harbour, Dover, with the Castle Beyond
Brighton Museum and Art Gallery
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
A Ship Drawn Up on a Beach Being Careened
A Ship Drawn Up on a Beach Being Careened
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Beached Fishing Vessels, Dover Harbour
Beached Fishing Vessels, Dover Harbour
National Gallery of Ireland, Dublin
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Beached Fishing Vessels in the Harbour at Dover
Beached Fishing Vessels in the Harbour at Dover
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Boats Anchored in Dover Harbour
Boats Anchored in Dover Harbour
Victoria and Albert Museum, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Boats Anchored in Dover Harbour
Boats Anchored in Dover Harbour
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Dover Harbour, with Fishing Boats at Low Tide
Dover Harbour, with Fishing Boats at Low Tide
The High Museum of Art, Atlanta
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Dover: The Harbour with Vessels
Dover: The Harbour with Vessels
Fitzwilliam Museum, University of Cambridge
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
A Smack in Dover Harbour, Drying Sails, with the Old Church in the Distance
A Smack in Dover Harbour, Drying Sails, with the Old Church in the Distance
National Maritime Museum, Greenwich
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Dover Harbour: A Boat under Repair
Dover Harbour: A Boat under Repair
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Fishing Boats at Low Tide, near Dover
Fishing Boats at Low Tide, near Dover
Courtauld Gallery, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Dover: Two Boatmen Standing by the Prow of a Brig
Dover: Two Boatmen Standing by the Prow of a Brig
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Dover Harbour
Dover Harbour
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
A Fisherman's Cottage, Said to Be at Dover
A Fisherman's Cottage, Said to Be at Dover
Yale Center for British Art, New Haven
Thomas Girtin
The Hull of a Ship under Repair, with a Barge and Smaller Boats
The Hull of a Ship under Repair, with a Barge and Smaller Boats
Tate, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
A Boat-Builder’s Yard, Possibly on the River Medway
A Boat-Builder’s Yard, Possibly on the River Medway
Fitzwilliam Museum, University of Cambridge
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
A Boat-Builder’s Yard, Possibly on the Medway
A Boat-Builder’s Yard, Possibly on the Medway
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
A Boat-Builder’s Yard, Possibly on the River Medway
A Boat-Builder’s Yard, Possibly on the River Medway
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
A Boat-Builder's Shed, Possibly on the River Medway
A Boat-Builder's Shed, Possibly on the River Medway
National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
A Boat-Builder’s Shed, Possibly on the River Medway, with a Fishing Boat with Drying Sails
A Boat-Builder’s Shed, Possibly on the River Medway, with a Fishing Boat with Drying Sails
Tate, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
The Coast, near Dover
The Coast, near Dover
The Higgins, Bedford
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Folkestone Harbour
Folkestone Harbour
Julian Huxley-Parlour Fine Art, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Beachy Head, Looking towards Newhaven
Beachy Head, Looking towards Newhaven
National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Beachy Head, Looking towards Newhaven
Beachy Head, Looking towards Newhaven
Ulster Museum, Belfast
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Shakespeare Cliff, Dover
Shakespeare Cliff, Dover
National Gallery of Ireland, Dublin
Thomas Girtin, John Henderson
Beached Vessels in Dover Harbour, the Castle in the Distance
Beached Vessels in Dover Harbour, the Castle in the Distance
Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Buildings on a Wooden Quayside
Buildings on a Wooden Quayside
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
A Coast View with Chalk Cliffs, Probably from near Beachy Head
A Coast View with Chalk Cliffs, Probably from near Beachy Head
Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
A Small Boat under Repair by a Jetty
A Small Boat under Repair by a Jetty
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, John Henderson
Dover: Snargate Street, Looking West
Dover: Snargate Street, Looking West
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Dartford High Street
Dartford High Street
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
Tonbridge Bridge and Castle
Tonbridge Bridge and Castle
Fitzwilliam Museum, University of Cambridge
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Rye, from the River Tillingham
Rye, from the River Tillingham
National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Dover: Fishing Boats at Low Tide
Dover: Fishing Boats at Low Tide
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Two Boatmen Caulking the Bows of a Beached Brig, Probably at Dover
Two Boatmen Caulking the Bows of a Beached Brig, Probably at Dover
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Hastings: A Beached Fishing Boat
Hastings: A Beached Fishing Boat
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
A Coastal Scene at Dover
A Coastal Scene at Dover
Worthing Museum and Art Gallery
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, James Moore
Mickleham Church
Mickleham Church
Tate, London
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
Dolbadarn Castle on Llyn Padarn
Dolbadarn Castle on Llyn Padarn
Clark Art Institute, Williamstown
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
Conwy Castle, from the East
Conwy Castle, from the East
Huddersfield Art Gallery
Unknown Artist
Harlech Castle, from the South
Harlech Castle, from the South
National Gallery of Ireland, Dublin
Thomas Girtin, Edward Dayes
The Gatehouse, Harlech Castle, Seen from the Moat
The Gatehouse, Harlech Castle, Seen from the Moat
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner
The High Street at Egham
The High Street at Egham
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Boats in Dover Harbour
Boats in Dover Harbour
Leeds Art Gallery
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
Two Trees Overlooking a Meandering River
Two Trees Overlooking a Meandering River
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, Edward Dayes
A Dilapidated Cottage
A Dilapidated Cottage
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Dover: Boats Anchored in the Harbour
Dover: Boats Anchored in the Harbour
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
A Coastal View near Dover, probably at St Margaret's, Cliffe
A Coastal View near Dover, probably at St Margaret's, Cliffe
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Dover: Beached Boats, with the Castle Beyond
Dover: Beached Boats, with the Castle Beyond
Private Collection
Thomas Girtin, Joseph Mallord William Turner, John Henderson
Dover Harbour: The Stern of a Large Ship, and Smaller Vessels
Dover Harbour: The Stern of a Large Ship, and Smaller Vessels
Tate, London
Thomas Girtin
The Town of Rye, Seen from the Marshes
The Town of Rye, Seen from the Marshes
British Museum, London
Footnotes
- 1 The full diary entry, giving crucial details of the artists’ work at Monro’s house, is transcribed in the Documents section of the Archive (1798 – Item 2).
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About this Work
This view of vessels anchored in Dover harbour, with the castle seen beyond, displays many of the signs that mark the unique collaboration between Girtin and his contemporary Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775–1851) at the home of Dr Thomas Monro (1759–1833). Here the two artists were employed across three winters, probably between 1794 and 1797, to copy ‘the outlines or unfinished drawings of’ principally John Robert Cozens (1752–97), but other artists too, including the patron’s neighbour, the amateur John Henderson (1764–1843), who lent his ‘outlines for this purpose’ (Farington, Diary, 30 December 1794). Henderson visited Dover in the autumn of 1794 and the ‘outlines of Shipping & Boats’ he made there, described by the diarist Joseph Farington (1747–1821) as ‘Very ingenious & careful’, provided the basis for a substantial number of copies commissioned by Monro (Farington, Diary, 1 December 1795). As with the copies the artists made after the sketches of Cozens, ‘Girtin drew in outlines and Turner washed in the effects’, with Turner receiving ‘3s. 6d each night’ though ‘Girtin did not say what He had’ (Farington, Diary, 12 November 1798).1
Girtin is not known to have visited Dover and all of his views of the town were copied after secondary sources, including his master, Edward Dayes (1763–1804). However, whilst Turner travelled to the port in 1793 and executed a series of studio watercolours after his own sketches, the majority of the Dover subjects sold from Monro’s collection, numbering as many as a hundred, were still produced after the work of other artists (Exhibitions: Christie’s, 26 June 1833; Christie’s, 1 July 1833). The source for this work has not been traced, but comparisons with the sketches used by the Monro School artists in the production of other Dover views – such as Shipping in Dover Harbour, with the Castle Beyond (TG0799), which displays the same fascination with the minutiae of marine labour and similarly includes a disparate group of vessels with the distinctive profile of the castle behind – suggest that it was an outline by Henderson. The measurements of the watercolour, which conform to the smaller-scale sketches produced by Henderson (c.21 × 28 cm, c.8 ¼ × 11 in), such as Figures on a Fishing Vessel in Dover Harbour (TG0808), combined with the employment of the upright format, which he favoured for his studies of single vessels, also point in the same direction.
All of the views of Dover sold at Monro’s posthumous sale in 1833 were attributed to Turner alone, but, despite the pioneering article published by Andrew Wilton in 1984, which established the joint authorship of such works as the norm, this watercolour is still listed as solely by Turner in recent catalogues of the collection of the National Gallery of Scotland (Wilton, 1984a, pp.8–23; Baker, 2011, pp.351–52). However, Turner’s sparing application of a monochrome palette leaves much of Girtin’s distinctive and inventive pencil work visible, not least in the rigging, which is untouched, allowing us to appreciate Girtin’s contribution to the overall effect. In comparison with many of the landscape subjects produced by the Monro School artists, the underlying outline drawing plays a significantly more important role in marine views such as this, and Turner displays a commendable restraint in the application of his washes.
1795 - 1796
Shipping in Dover Harbour, with the Castle Beyond
TG0799
1795 - 1796
Figures on a Fishing Vessel in Dover Harbour
TG0808